Top 10 Causes of Death

1. Ischemic Heart Disease

Ischemic heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide. It occurs when the heart’s blood supply is reduced, typically due to plaque buildup in the arteries. This can lead to heart attacks, heart failure, and arrhythmias.

2. Stroke

Stroke happens when there’s an interruption in blood supply to the brain, leading to cell death. It is the second most common cause of death globally. Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, and smoking.

3. Lower Respiratory Infections

Pneumonia and other lower respiratory infections, such as bronchitis and tuberculosis, are major causes of death, particularly in low-income countries. They tend to affect the elderly, young children, and those with weakened immune systems.

4. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

COPD is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that obstructs airflow. Smoking is the leading cause, though long-term exposure to pollutants and chemicals can also contribute to the disease.

5. Neonatal Disorders

Neonatal disorders refer to conditions that affect newborns, such as birth defects, complications from premature birth, or infections. These are a significant cause of death in infants, especially in underdeveloped countries.

6. Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia

Alzheimer’s disease, a progressive neurological disorder, leads to memory loss and cognitive decline. It primarily affects older adults and is the sixth leading cause of death, with the number of cases steadily increasing as populations age.

7. Diabetes

Diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes, occurs when the body cannot regulate blood sugar levels. Over time, it can lead to complications such as kidney failure, blindness, and heart disease, ultimately contributing to a high mortality rate.

8. Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the gradual loss of kidney function, and when it progresses to kidney failure, it becomes life-threatening. Diabetes and hypertension are major risk factors for CKD.

9. Liver Disease

Liver diseases such as cirrhosis, hepatitis, and liver cancer are responsible for a large number of deaths worldwide. Alcohol abuse, viral infections, and obesity are common risk factors.

10. Road Injuries

Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of death, particularly in middle-income countries. Road traffic injuries are often preventable through measures like safer road infrastructure, improved vehicle safety, and enforcement of traffic laws.

By understanding these top causes, people can take proactive steps to reduce risk factors and improve their overall health.